Water dynamics in different biochar fractions.
Identifieur interne : 001A60 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001A59; suivant : 001A61Water dynamics in different biochar fractions.
Auteurs : Pellegrino Conte [Italie] ; Nikolaus Nestle [Allemagne]Source :
- Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC [ 1097-458X ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- analyse : Charbon de bois, Eau, Engrais.
- composition chimique : Populus, Sol.
- Diffusion, Fractionnement chimique, Porosité, Spectroscopie par résonance magnétique, Tomodensitométrie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Charcoal, Fertilizers, Water.
- chemistry : Populus, Soil.
- Chemical Fractionation, Diffusion, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Porosity, Tomography, X-Ray Computed.
Abstract
Biochar is a carbonaceous porous material deliberately applied to soil to improve its fertility. The mechanisms through which biochar acts on fertility are still poorly understood. The effect of biochar texture size on water dynamics was investigated here in order to provide information to address future research on nutrient mobility towards plant roots as biochar is applied as soil amendment. A poplar biochar has been stainless steel fractionated in three different textured fractions (1.0-2.0 mm, 0.3-1.0 mm and <0.3 mm, respectively). Water-saturated fractions were analyzed by fast field cycling (FFC) NMR relaxometry. Results proved that 3D exchange between bound and bulk water predominantly occurred in the coarsest fraction. However, as porosity decreased, water motion was mainly associated to a restricted 2D diffusion among the surface-site pores and the bulk-site ones. The X-ray μ-CT imaging analyses on the dry fractions revealed the lowest surface/volume ratio for the coarsest fraction, thereby corroborating the 3D water exchange mechanism hypothesized by FFC NMR relaxometry. However, multi-micrometer porosity was evidenced in all the samples. The latter finding suggested that the 3D exchange mechanism cannot even be neglected in the finest fraction as previously excluded only on the basis of NMR relaxometry results. X-ray μ-CT imaging showed heterogeneous distribution of inorganic materials inside all the fractions. The mineral components may contribute to the water relaxation mechanisms by FFC NMR relaxometry. Further studies are needed to understand the role of the inorganic particles on water dynamics.
DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4204
PubMed: 25594163
Affiliations:
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and Systems Research, Ludwigshafen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>BASF SE Advanced Materials and Systems Research, Ludwigshafen</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ludwigshafen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Ludwigshafen</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Ludwigshafen</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:25594163</idno><idno type="pmid">25594163</idno><idno type="doi">10.1002/mrc.4204</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001E45</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001E45</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001E45</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">001E45</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001E45</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Water dynamics 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bois (analyse)</term><term>Diffusion (MeSH)</term><term>Eau (analyse)</term><term>Engrais (analyse)</term><term>Fractionnement chimique (MeSH)</term><term>Populus (composition chimique)</term><term>Porosité (MeSH)</term><term>Sol (composition chimique)</term><term>Spectroscopie par résonance magnétique (MeSH)</term><term>Tomodensitométrie (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Charcoal</term><term>Fertilizers</term><term>Water</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>Charbon de bois</term><term>Eau</term><term>Engrais</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Populus</term><term>Soil</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="composition chimique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Populus</term><term>Sol</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Chemical Fractionation</term><term>Diffusion</term><term>Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</term><term>Porosity</term><term>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Diffusion</term><term>Fractionnement chimique</term><term>Porosité</term><term>Spectroscopie par résonance magnétique</term><term>Tomodensitométrie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Biochar is a carbonaceous porous material deliberately applied to soil to improve its fertility. The mechanisms through which biochar acts on fertility are still poorly understood. The effect of biochar texture size on water dynamics was investigated here in order to provide information to address future research on nutrient mobility towards plant roots as biochar is applied as soil amendment. A poplar biochar has been stainless steel fractionated in three different textured fractions (1.0-2.0 mm, 0.3-1.0 mm and <0.3 mm, respectively). Water-saturated fractions were analyzed by fast field cycling (FFC) NMR relaxometry. Results proved that 3D exchange between bound and bulk water predominantly occurred in the coarsest fraction. However, as porosity decreased, water motion was mainly associated to a restricted 2D diffusion among the surface-site pores and the bulk-site ones. The X-ray μ-CT imaging analyses on the dry fractions revealed the lowest surface/volume ratio for the coarsest fraction, thereby corroborating the 3D water exchange mechanism hypothesized by FFC NMR relaxometry. However, multi-micrometer porosity was evidenced in all the samples. The latter finding suggested that the 3D exchange mechanism cannot even be neglected in the finest fraction as previously excluded only on the basis of NMR relaxometry results. X-ray μ-CT imaging showed heterogeneous distribution of inorganic materials inside all the fractions. The mineral components may contribute to the water relaxation mechanisms by FFC NMR relaxometry. Further studies are needed to understand the role of the inorganic particles on water dynamics.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25594163</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>16</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1097-458X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>53</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Sep</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Magn Reson Chem</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Water dynamics in different biochar fractions.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>726-34</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/mrc.4204</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Biochar is a carbonaceous porous material deliberately applied to soil to improve its fertility. The mechanisms through which biochar acts on fertility are still poorly understood. The effect of biochar texture size on water dynamics was investigated here in order to provide information to address future research on nutrient mobility towards plant roots as biochar is applied as soil amendment. A poplar biochar has been stainless steel fractionated in three different textured fractions (1.0-2.0 mm, 0.3-1.0 mm and <0.3 mm, respectively). Water-saturated fractions were analyzed by fast field cycling (FFC) NMR relaxometry. Results proved that 3D exchange between bound and bulk water predominantly occurred in the coarsest fraction. However, as porosity decreased, water motion was mainly associated to a restricted 2D diffusion among the surface-site pores and the bulk-site ones. The X-ray μ-CT imaging analyses on the dry fractions revealed the lowest surface/volume ratio for the coarsest fraction, thereby corroborating the 3D water exchange mechanism hypothesized by FFC NMR relaxometry. However, multi-micrometer porosity was evidenced in all the samples. The latter finding suggested that the 3D exchange mechanism cannot even be neglected in the finest fraction as previously excluded only on the basis of NMR relaxometry results. X-ray μ-CT imaging showed heterogeneous distribution of inorganic materials inside all the fractions. The mineral components may contribute to the water relaxation mechanisms by FFC NMR relaxometry. Further studies are needed to understand the role of the inorganic particles on water dynamics.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Conte</LastName><ForeName>Pellegrino</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nestle</LastName><ForeName>Nikolaus</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>BASF SE Advanced Materials and Systems Research, Ludwigshafen, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>16</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Magn Reson Chem</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9882600</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0749-1581</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D005308">Fertilizers</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012987">Soil</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C540010">biochar</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>059QF0KO0R</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014867">Water</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>16291-96-6</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002606">Charcoal</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002606" MajorTopicYN="N">Charcoal</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005591" MajorTopicYN="N">Chemical Fractionation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004058" MajorTopicYN="N">Diffusion</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005308" MajorTopicYN="N">Fertilizers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009682" MajorTopicYN="N">Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016062" MajorTopicYN="N">Porosity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012987" MajorTopicYN="N">Soil</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014057" MajorTopicYN="N">Tomography, X-Ray Computed</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014867" MajorTopicYN="N">Water</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">FFC NMR relaxometry</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">biochar</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">dynamics</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">micro-CT imaging</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">micro-tomography</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">texture size</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">water</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25594163</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/mrc.4204</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Italie</li></country><region><li>Sicile</li></region><settlement><li>Palerme</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Palerme</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Italie"><region name="Sicile"><name sortKey="Conte, Pellegrino" sort="Conte, Pellegrino" uniqKey="Conte P" first="Pellegrino" last="Conte">Pellegrino Conte</name></region></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nestle, Nikolaus" sort="Nestle, Nikolaus" uniqKey="Nestle N" first="Nikolaus" last="Nestle">Nikolaus Nestle</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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